This benchmark suite aims to compare the performance of HTTP request routers for Go by implementing the routing structure of some real world APIs. Some of the APIs are slightly adapted, since they can not be implemented 1:1 in some of the routers.
Of course the tested routers can be used for any kind of HTTP request → handler function routing, not only (REST) APIs.
- Beego
- BunRouter
- Chi
- Echo
- Fiber (fasthttp-based, benchmarked separately)
- Gin
- Goji v2
- Go-Restful
- Gorilla Mux
- http.ServeMux (static routes only)
- HttpRouter
- HttpTreeMux
- Macaron
Note: Fiber is based on fasthttp and does not implement the
net/httpHandlerinterface. Its benchmarks use a separate infrastructure and should be compared independently from thenet/http-based routers.
Go is a great language for web applications. Since the default request multiplexer of Go's net/http package is very simple and limited, an accordingly high number of HTTP request routers exist.
Unfortunately, most of the (early) routers use pretty bad routing algorithms. Moreover, many of them are very wasteful with memory allocations, which can become a problem in a language with Garbage Collection like Go, since every (heap) allocation results in more work for the Garbage Collector.
Lately more and more bloated frameworks pop up, outdoing one another in the number of features. This benchmark tries to measure their overhead.
Be aware that we are comparing apples and oranges here. We compare feature-rich frameworks to packages with simple routing functionality only. But since we are only interested in decent request routing, I think this is not entirely unfair. The frameworks are configured to do as little additional work as possible.
If you care about performance, this benchmark can maybe help you find the right router, which scales with your application.
Personally, I prefer slim and optimized software, which is why I implemented HttpRouter, which is also tested here. In fact, this benchmark suite started as part of the packages tests, but was then extended to a generic benchmark suite. So keep in mind, that I am not completely unbiased 😌
go test -bench=. -benchmem -timeout=20mBenchmark system:
- Apple M4 Pro
- go version go1.25.8 darwin/arm64
- macOS (Darwin 25.3.0)
The table below ranks all routers by GitHub API throughput (203 routes, all methods), which best represents real-world routing workloads. Lower ns/op is better.
| Rank | Router | ns/op | B/op | allocs/op | Zero-alloc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gin | 9,944 | 0 | 0 | ✅ |
| 2 | BunRouter | 10,281 | 0 | 0 | ✅ |
| 3 | Echo | 11,072 | 0 | 0 | ✅ |
| 4 | HttpRouter | 15,059 | 13,792 | 167 | |
| 5 | HttpTreeMux | 49,302 | 65,856 | 671 | |
| 6 | Chi | 94,376 | 130,817 | 740 | |
| 7 | Beego | 101,941 | 71,456 | 609 | |
| 8 | Fiber | 109,148 | 0 | 0 | ✅ |
| 9 | Macaron | 121,785 | 147,784 | 1,624 | |
| 10 | Goji v2 | 242,849 | 313,744 | 3,712 | |
| 11 | GoRestful | 885,678 | 1,006,744 | 3,009 | |
| 12 | GorillaMux | 1,316,844 | 225,667 | 1,588 |
Key takeaways:
- Gin, BunRouter, and Echo form the top tier — all achieve zero heap allocations and route the full GitHub API in ~10 us.
- HttpRouter remains extremely fast but incurs 1 alloc per parameterized route (167 allocs for 203 routes).
- Fiber also achieves zero allocations, but its fasthttp-based benchmark infrastructure adds per-iteration reset overhead — do not compare its absolute ns/op directly with net/http routers.
- GorillaMux and GoRestful are feature-rich but orders of magnitude slower, making them less suitable for latency-sensitive applications.
Fiber caveat: Fiber benchmarks use
fasthttp.RequestCtxwith per-iteration Reset, which adds constant overhead not present in net/http benchmarks. Fiber-vs-Fiber comparisons are valid; cross-framework comparisons should be interpreted with care.
The following table shows the heap memory required for loading the routing structure of the respective API.
| Router | Static | GitHub | Google+ | Parse |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HttpServeMux | 71,728 B | — | — | — |
| Beego | 98,824 B | 150,840 B | 10,256 B | 19,256 B |
| BunRouter | 51,232 B | 93,776 B | 7,360 B | 9,336 B |
| Chi | 83,160 B | 94,888 B | 8,008 B | 9,656 B |
| Echo | 91,976 B | 117,784 B | 10,968 B | 13,816 B |
| Fiber | 59,248 B | 163,832 B | 10,840 B | 15,352 B |
| Gin | 34,408 B | 58,840 B | 4,576 B | 7,896 B |
| Goji v2 | 117,952 B | 118,640 B | 8,096 B | 16,064 B |
| GoRestful | 819,704 B | 1,270,848 B | 72,536 B | 121,200 B |
| GorillaMux | 599,496 B | 1,319,696 B | 68,000 B | 105,384 B |
| HttpRouter | 21,680 B | 37,072 B | 2,776 B | 5,024 B |
| HttpTreeMux | 73,448 B | 78,800 B | 7,440 B | 7,848 B |
| Macaron | 36,976 B | 90,632 B | 8,672 B | 13,704 B |
BenchmarkHttpServeMux_StaticAll 66117 18172 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkBeego_StaticAll 17396 68255 ns/op 55264 B/op 471 allocs/op
BenchmarkBunRouter_StaticAll 200576 5997 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkChi_StaticAll 29058 41317 ns/op 57776 B/op 314 allocs/op
BenchmarkEcho_StaticAll 171898 6897 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkFiber_StaticAll 40939 29310 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGin_StaticAll 215575 5528 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGojiv2_StaticAll 14130 84459 ns/op 175840 B/op 1099 allocs/op
BenchmarkGoRestful_StaticAll 2744 436510 ns/op 677824 B/op 2193 allocs/op
BenchmarkGorillaMux_StaticAll 4200 302825 ns/op 133137 B/op 1099 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpRouter_StaticAll 287180 4177 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_StaticAll 221372 5363 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkMacaron_StaticAll 14662 81824 ns/op 114296 B/op 1256 allocs/op
BenchmarkBeego_Param 3445593 348.8 ns/op 352 B/op 3 allocs/op
BenchmarkBunRouter_Param 100000000 12.22 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkChi_Param 3705072 332.2 ns/op 704 B/op 4 allocs/op
BenchmarkEcho_Param 67096422 17.75 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkFiber_Param 10718097 114.4 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGin_Param 51779376 23.31 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGojiv2_Param 2597736 494.3 ns/op 1136 B/op 8 allocs/op
BenchmarkGoRestful_Param 760231 1394 ns/op 4600 B/op 15 allocs/op
BenchmarkGorillaMux_Param 1979962 630.6 ns/op 1152 B/op 8 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpRouter_Param 36953397 31.88 ns/op 32 B/op 1 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_Param 7180082 165.0 ns/op 352 B/op 3 allocs/op
BenchmarkMacaron_Param 1768725 708.0 ns/op 1064 B/op 10 allocs/op
BenchmarkBeego_Param5 2571436 480.3 ns/op 352 B/op 3 allocs/op
BenchmarkBunRouter_Param5 29552252 41.86 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkChi_Param5 2662387 453.7 ns/op 704 B/op 4 allocs/op
BenchmarkEcho_Param5 27522567 43.76 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkFiber_Param5 5022048 271.6 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGin_Param5 27722108 44.20 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGojiv2_Param5 2218150 532.4 ns/op 1200 B/op 8 allocs/op
BenchmarkGoRestful_Param5 733239 1579 ns/op 4712 B/op 15 allocs/op
BenchmarkGorillaMux_Param5 1236634 972.6 ns/op 1216 B/op 8 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpRouter_Param5 13379398 83.74 ns/op 160 B/op 1 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_Param5 3437581 358.8 ns/op 576 B/op 6 allocs/op
BenchmarkMacaron_Param5 1535364 799.7 ns/op 1064 B/op 10 allocs/op
BenchmarkBeego_Param20 1000000 1099 ns/op 352 B/op 3 allocs/op
BenchmarkBunRouter_Param20 5585515 211.4 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkChi_Param20 687655 1805 ns/op 2504 B/op 9 allocs/op
BenchmarkEcho_Param20 9540236 127.5 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkFiber_Param20 2633816 466.1 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGin_Param20 9690182 121.7 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGojiv2_Param20 1562407 745.3 ns/op 1440 B/op 8 allocs/op
BenchmarkGoRestful_Param20 368145 3337 ns/op 7008 B/op 20 allocs/op
BenchmarkGorillaMux_Param20 542091 2223 ns/op 3272 B/op 13 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpRouter_Param20 4168184 290.2 ns/op 704 B/op 1 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_Param20 600494 1857 ns/op 3144 B/op 13 allocs/op
BenchmarkMacaron_Param20 493340 2058 ns/op 2864 B/op 15 allocs/op
BenchmarkBeego_ParamWrite 3051739 386.1 ns/op 360 B/op 4 allocs/op
BenchmarkBunRouter_ParamWrite 47369588 25.86 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkChi_ParamWrite 3488102 348.3 ns/op 704 B/op 4 allocs/op
BenchmarkEcho_ParamWrite 22762137 47.94 ns/op 8 B/op 1 allocs/op
BenchmarkFiber_ParamWrite 9702015 125.7 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGin_ParamWrite 37102452 27.65 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGojiv2_ParamWrite 2337854 516.9 ns/op 1168 B/op 10 allocs/op
BenchmarkGoRestful_ParamWrite 803739 1534 ns/op 4608 B/op 16 allocs/op
BenchmarkGorillaMux_ParamWrite 1899658 665.5 ns/op 1152 B/op 8 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpRouter_ParamWrite 31189083 37.40 ns/op 32 B/op 1 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_ParamWrite 6040027 180.4 ns/op 352 B/op 3 allocs/op
BenchmarkMacaron_ParamWrite 1538367 784.3 ns/op 1112 B/op 13 allocs/op
BenchmarkBeego_ParseAll 117369 10541 ns/op 9152 B/op 78 allocs/op
BenchmarkBunRouter_ParseAll 2039772 588.2 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkChi_ParseAll 142234 8863 ns/op 14944 B/op 84 allocs/op
BenchmarkEcho_ParseAll 1603608 742.1 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkFiber_ParseAll 279265 4250 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGin_ParseAll 1681222 712.1 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGojiv2_ParseAll 88848 13264 ns/op 29456 B/op 199 allocs/op
BenchmarkGoRestful_ParseAll 23092 54780 ns/op 131728 B/op 380 allocs/op
BenchmarkGorillaMux_ParseAll 45812 25886 ns/op 26960 B/op 198 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpRouter_ParseAll 1235671 948.5 ns/op 640 B/op 16 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_ParseAll 355398 3372 ns/op 5728 B/op 51 allocs/op
BenchmarkMacaron_ParseAll 88638 13635 ns/op 18928 B/op 208 allocs/op
BenchmarkBeego_GPlusAll 202231 5927 ns/op 4576 B/op 39 allocs/op
BenchmarkBunRouter_GPlusAll 3490443 348.5 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkChi_GPlusAll 228787 5333 ns/op 8480 B/op 48 allocs/op
BenchmarkEcho_GPlusAll 2684996 451.1 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkFiber_GPlusAll 474860 2506 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGin_GPlusAll 2896033 429.7 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGojiv2_GPlusAll 146194 8000 ns/op 15120 B/op 115 allocs/op
BenchmarkGoRestful_GPlusAll 47769 24189 ns/op 60720 B/op 193 allocs/op
BenchmarkGorillaMux_GPlusAll 83330 14707 ns/op 14448 B/op 102 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpRouter_GPlusAll 1743474 668.6 ns/op 640 B/op 11 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_GPlusAll 463276 2428 ns/op 4032 B/op 38 allocs/op
BenchmarkMacaron_GPlusAll 169158 7294 ns/op 9464 B/op 104 allocs/op
BenchmarkBeego_GithubAll 10000 101941 ns/op 71456 B/op 609 allocs/op
BenchmarkBunRouter_GithubAll 117315 10281 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkChi_GithubAll 12979 94376 ns/op 130817 B/op 740 allocs/op
BenchmarkEcho_GithubAll 106779 11072 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkFiber_GithubAll 10000 109148 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGin_GithubAll 135082 9944 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkGojiv2_GithubAll 4814 242849 ns/op 313744 B/op 3712 allocs/op
BenchmarkGoRestful_GithubAll 1339 885678 ns/op 1006744 B/op 3009 allocs/op
BenchmarkGorillaMux_GithubAll 927 1316844 ns/op 225667 B/op 1588 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpRouter_GithubAll 82489 15059 ns/op 13792 B/op 167 allocs/op
BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_GithubAll 24514 49302 ns/op 65856 B/op 671 allocs/op
BenchmarkMacaron_GithubAll 10000 121785 ns/op 147784 B/op 1624 allocs/op